Drill-chuck.



PATENTED AUG. 11,1908 F MJ ASHLEY. DRILL CHUCK;

APPLICATION FILED D20. a, 1190s.

lafzyl FRANK M. ASHLEY, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

DRILL-CHUCK.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Aug. 11, 1908.1

Original application filed January 6, 1906, Serial No. 294,877. Divided and this application filed December 8,1906. Serial No. 346,986.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, FRANK M. ASHLEY, a citizen of the United States of America, and residing at West Sixth street, near Neptune avenue, in the city of New York, borough of Brooklyn, State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Drill Chucks, of which the following is a specification:

My invention relates to drill chucks and particularly to that type in which the jaw members move at an incline to the axis of the chuck; the subject matter of the present case constituting a division of my application for patent filed January 6, 1906, Serial No. 294,877.

The object of my invention is to provide a chuck in which the body portion may be so constructed as to avoid the weakness caused by cutting an annular groove therein, and to avoid the necessity of making a two part sleeve or ring to operate the jaws.

A further object is to provide extreme strength at the front end of the chuck to re sist the lateral thrust of the jaws, while at the same time, a one piece sleeve meshes directly with exposed threaded portions of the aws and besides having a bearing on the front end of the chuck, reinforces the latter to contribute to the extreme strength previously alluded to.

My invention consists in the novel features and combinations of parts set forth in the subsequent detailed description.

Referring to the drawings which form part of this specification, Figure 1, is a drawing, partly in section, which shows the sleeve provided with a rack at its forward end adapted to engage with a pinion wrench. Fig. 2,

illustrates the pinion wrench. Fig. 3, is an exterior view of the body portion of the chuck, the guide ways therein being partly indicated by dotted lines.

A indicates the chuck body which is of integral character and is smallest in diameter at its front end and is made cone shaped at its rear end as shown in Fig. 3.

The body is provided with three cylindrical guide ways G, spaced equally from each other and at an incline to the axis of the chuck, and located, one in each of these guide a thread E which engages with a thread B formed on the integral inner wall of the sleeve B.

The sleeve B closely conforms to the body portion, and the threaded part of the jawshank E rojects above the radius of the body so that the thread B will enter into mesh with the thread E and when the sleeve B is rotated, the shanks move in the guideways to open or close the jaws in a manner well known in the art.

The ring 0 is screwed on the sleeve B at O and forms a sliding joint with the body A at A, thereby covering the guide-way openings G at their rear ends, thus keeping out dirt, and also serves as an abutment to prevent the sleeve B from becoming disengaged from the body A.

A rack D is formed on the front end of the sleeve B, and a hole A is drilled in the chuckbody so that the end H of the wrench H shown in Fig. 2, may project therein whereby the pinion H will mesh with the rack D, and by turning the wrench on its axis from left to right, the sleeve B will act to close the jaws of the chuck.

It is important that the rack should be located at the front end of the chuck as shown in order to have the chuck work right handed as it is termed by mechanics, since this is the natural and customary way to turn the sleeve in order to close the jaws of the chuck.

The chuck-body is provided with a tapered opening at its rear end in the usual manner for the reception of the arbor F, by which it is driven.

The sleeve drives the shanks directly and the retaining ring 0 serves the double function of closing the guide-way openings and as an abutment to prevent the sleeve from becoming displaced.

The hole A is located in the body proper so that the sleeve can be turned in the natural and usual direction of turning a wrench, to effect the closing of the jaws, and the chuck may be easily assembled or taken apart without special tools.

It will be noted that the guide-ways G indicated by dotted lines in Fig. 3, pass through the solid portion of the chuck-body at its front end and the side of the rear portion of the chuck body so that the jaws are firmly supported against lateral movement at this point and lateral thrust incurred by the jaws, resisted, which I consider of great importance.

The guide-ways are cylindrical in form and the shanks are fitted to work in sliding engagement.

The front end of the body portion projects beyond the end of the sleeve and thus serves to support the end of the wrench while the sleeve is being rotated.

It will be noted that in addition to pro-'- viding the sleeve B, with a rotative support at its rear end, the forward portion of said sleeve rotatively bears on the forward portion of the body, thereby supporting the sleeve at such point while at the same time, said sleeve reinforces said forward body portion against lateral thrust incurred by the jaw members, this being particularly important in view of the fact that the obliquity of the guideways results in the metal of the forward body portion immediately above said ways, rearwardly tapering to an edge, and hence the sleeve reinforces said tapering metal at the points where it is weakest.

The sleeve being threaded directly on its inner surface allows of a considerable length of thread'which insures-durability in this respect and insures a positive drive of the shanks when the sleeve is rotated, while at the same time it simplifies the construction.

Having thus described my invention what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is,

1. A drill chuck comprising an integral body containing guideways inclined to its axis and open at the surface of the body at the rear portion of the latter, said guideways extending through the forward portion of the body below the surface thereof, threaded jaw members in said guideways, and a sleeve having an integral part thread-engaged with said jaw members, the forward portion of the body being of sufficiently reduced diameter to permit the sleeve to pass over it, when said sleeve is adjusted to engage the threads of the jaws.

2. A drill chuck comprising a body containing guideways inclined to its axis and open at the surface of the body at the rear portion of the latter, said guideways extending through the forward portion of the body below the surface thereof, threaded jaw members in said guideways, a sleeve having an integral part thread engaged with said jaw members, the forward-portion of the body being of sufiiciently reduced diameter to permit the sleeve to pass over it, when said sleeve is adjusted to engage the threads of the jaws, and detachable means for holding said sleeve on said body and constituting the sole medium for retaining the jaw members and sleeve in operative relation with respect to the body. a

3. A drill chuck comprising a body containing guideways inclined to its axis and open at the surface of the body at the rear portion of the latter, said guideways extending through the forward portion of the body below the surface thereof, threaded jaw members in said guideways, and a one part sleeve thread engaged with said jaw members and having its forward end rotatively bearing on and reinforcing the forward body portion against lateral thrust incurred by the members, the forward portion of the body being of sufliciently reduced diameter to permit the sleeve to pass over it, when said sleeve is adjusted to engage the threads of the jaws.

4. A drill chuck comprising an integral body containing guide-ways inclined to its axis and open at the surface of the body at the rear portion of the latter, said guideways extending through the forward portion of the body below the surface thereof, threaded jaw members in said guide-ways, a sleeve havin an integral part thread-engaged. with saic jaw members, the forward portion of the body being of sufficiently redu'ced diameter to permit the sleeve to pass over it, when said sleeve is adjusted to engage the threads of the jaws, and a ring located at the rear end of the chuck, adapted to cover the guide-way openings and hold the sleeve to the body portion.

5. A drill chuck comprising a body portion having a part with taper sides and the forward part with approximately parallel sides and containing guide-ways at an incline to its axis which are open at the surface of the body at the tapered part thereof and extend through the body below the surface thereof at its forward part, jaw members in said guide-ways, an integral sleeve constructed to operate said jaw members, means for holding said sleeve to said body, the construction being such that by detaching the said holding means, the sleeve and jaws may be freely removed from the body portion.

6. A drill chuck consisting of three parts exclusive of the jaw members, comprising a body portion having its rear part tapered and its forward part formed at an angle to said tapered part and containing guideways at an incline to its axis which are open at the surface of the body at its rear tapered part and extend through the body below the suragainst the body portion and eXtendin the front end of the tapered 5 substantially as described.

In testimony whereof, I, FRANK M. ASH- LEY, have signed my name to this specificag to I tion in the presence of two subscribing witthis 7th day of December 1906.

FRANK M. ASHLEY.

Witnesses:

AMELIA BLAUVELT, N. C. MILLER. 

